Everything You Need to Know About Birthing Puppies

Preparing for Puppy Birth

Welcoming a litter of puppies is an incredible experience, but it can also be a bit overwhelming, especially for first-time dog parents. Knowing what to expect and being prepared for each stage of the birthing process can help keep both the mother and puppies safe. At North Oatlands Animal Hospital and Reproductive Center, we’re here to guide you through everything you need to know about puppy births to ensure a smooth process.

Signs of Labor in Your Dog

Recognizing when your dog is about to give birth, also known as whelping, is important for proper preparation. Here are some common signs that labor is near:

• Nesting Behavior: In the days leading up to labor, a pregnant dog will start gathering bedding or digging at her blankets to create a comfortable place for her pups.
• Restlessness and Panting: About 24 hours before labor, many dogs become restless, pacing or panting more than usual.
• Loss of Appetite and Vomiting: Some dogs may refuse food as they get closer to labor, and mild vomiting can also be a sign that puppies are on the way.
• Drop in Temperature: A dog’s body temperature typically drops about 24 hours before labor, reaching around 98 degrees Fahrenheit.

If you notice these signs, it’s a good time to set up a safe, quiet area where she can deliver comfortably. Using a clean whelping box lined with blankets or towels will help create a cozy and contained space for her and her puppies.

Understanding the Stages of Labor

Dog labor happens in three distinct stages, and understanding each can help you monitor the birth more closely.

Stage 1: The Early Contractions
The first stage of labor is marked by contractions that may be invisible from the outside. Your dog might seem anxious or restless as her body prepares to give birth. This stage can last anywhere from 6 to 12 hours.

Stage 2: The Arrival of the Puppies
During the second stage, the puppies are delivered one at a time. Each puppy is usually born within 30-60 minutes of the last. If your dog is actively straining for more than an hour with no sign of a puppy, or if there’s a delay of more than two hours between puppies, contact your veterinarian right away, as this may indicate complications.

Stage 3: Delivery of the Placentas
The third and final stage involves the expulsion of the placenta for each puppy. It’s crucial to keep track of the number of placentas delivered to ensure none are left inside, which could lead to infection. The mother will likely try to eat the placentas, which is normal, but keeping one or two for her and discarding the rest is typically fine.

Assisting with the Delivery Process

In most cases, the mother dog will handle the delivery process on her own. However, it’s still helpful to be prepared to step in if necessary. Make sure you have clean towels on hand to gently clean each puppy if the mother does not do it herself. Clearing each puppy’s mouth and nose is essential to help them start breathing.

If the mother doesn’t sever the umbilical cord, you may need to step in. Tie a clean piece of dental floss about an inch from the puppy’s belly and snip the cord with sanitized scissors, being careful to avoid any bleeding.

Post-Birth Care for Puppies and Mom

After birth, your new puppies will need plenty of warmth and nourishment. Make sure they have a safe, warm area to cuddle up with their mother. Puppy body temperatures are lower than adult dogs, so keeping the area around 85 degrees Fahrenheit during the first few days will keep them comfortable.

The mother dog may experience vaginal discharge for up to three weeks post-birth, which is normal unless it has a foul smell or seems excessive. She should also be provided with plenty of food and water, as nursing can be physically demanding. Keep an eye on her behavior, appetite, and the puppies’ feeding habits to make sure they’re all thriving.

When to Call the Vet

It’s always better to be cautious when it comes to birthing puppies. Reach out to your vet if:

• The mother dog has been straining for more than an hour with no puppy.
• There’s a delay of more than two hours between puppies.
• The mother has excessive bleeding or abnormal discharge.
• A puppy isn’t breathing or moving after birth, even with stimulation.

At North Oatlands Animal Hospital and Reproductive Center, we offer 24/7 emergency care to ensure both the mother and puppies are safe and healthy.

Celebrate the Arrival of Your Puppies!

Once your new puppies are here, it’s time to celebrate their arrival. Watching them grow and bond with their mother is a special experience, and providing them with a healthy, safe environment will ensure they thrive in their first weeks of life.

Ready to welcome a litter? Schedule a consultation with North Oatlands Animal Hospital and Reproductive Center at (703) 777-7781 or visit us at 19275 James Monroe Highway,Leesburg, VA 20175 to ensure a safe and healthy experience for your dog and her pups!